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Basic Knowledge of Steering Gear Systems

Basic Knowledge of Steering Gear Systems

27-12-2025

Basic Knowledge of Steering Gear Systems

The steering gear, also known as the steering system, is one of the most critical components in a vehicle, directly affecting driving safety, handling performance, and comfort. Its main function is to transmit the driver’s steering input from the steering wheel to the wheels, allowing the vehicle to change direction accurately and smoothly.

In general, a steering system consists of the steering wheel, steering column, steering gear, tie rods, and steering knuckles. Among these components, the steering gear plays a central role by converting the rotational motion of the steering wheel into the linear motion required to turn the wheels.

There are several common types of steering gears used in modern vehicles. Rack-and-pinion steering is the most widely used system in passenger cars due to its simple structure, light weight, and precise control. Recirculating ball steering, on the other hand, is often found in trucks and heavy-duty vehicles because of its durability and ability to handle higher loads.

With the advancement of automotive technology, steering systems have evolved from traditional mechanical steering to hydraulic power steering (HPS), electric power steering (EPS), and electro-hydraulic power steering (EHPS). Among these, EPS has become increasingly popular due to its energy efficiency, reduced maintenance requirements, and compatibility with advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS).

A well-designed steering gear ensures stable vehicle control, quick response, and reduced driver fatigue. Regular inspection and maintenance are essential to prevent issues such as steering play, abnormal noise, or steering stiffness.

As vehicle safety and intelligence continue to advance, steering gear technology will play an even more important role in supporting automated driving and enhancing overall driving experience.

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