The main function of the power steering pump is to provide hydraulic pressure and is the "heart" of the system. The power steering rack is the actuator, which converts hydraulic pressure into mechanical movement and is the "hands and feet" of the system. The pump provides power support for the rack, while the rack converts this power into actual steering effect.

Hydraulic power steering systems require oil because hydraulic oil is the primary medium of energy transfer. In this system, the pressure generated by the hydraulic pump needs to be transmitted through hydraulic oil.

Specifically, Honda first equipped its North American version of the Honda Accord with a hydraulic power steering system as standard in 1982, which was the time node when Honda first adopted power steering technology on a large scale.

Reasons for noise in the hydraulic power steering system: 1. Insufficient hydraulic oil or oil mixed with air 2. Power steering pump failure 3. Steering rack failure 4. Poor quality or deterioration of hydraulic oil 5. Loose pipes or joints 6. Excessive pressure caused by the steering wheel hitting the bottom

Due to the different viscosities and compositions of the transmission fluid, it may not provide the ideal lubrication required by the power steering system. This will cause increased friction inside the pump and pipes, and long-term use may accelerate wear and shorten the life of the pump.

Common faults of hydraulic power steering are: 1. Hydraulic oil leakage 2. Hydraulic pump failure 3. Steering power reduction or loss 4. Steering wheel vibration or abnormal noise 5. Steering wheel automatic return failure 6. Steering failure or loss of control

The performance of a repaired power steering rack depends on the quality of the repair and the severity of the problem. In some cases, the repair may not fully restore the original performance of the rack, especially when the internal mechanical parts are already severely worn.

When the rack and pinion system fails, the vehicle's driving trajectory may be abnormal. For example, the vehicle may deviate from the straight driving trajectory even if the steering wheel is in the neutral position.

BMW's first model equipped with a power steering system was the BMW E3 launched in 1968, also known as the "BMW New Six" series. The E3 series is a model launched by BMW to enter the high-end luxury sedan market, aiming to compete with luxury cars such as the Mercedes-Benz S-Class.

In general, the service life of the hydraulic power steering rack is between 120,000 and 150,000 kilometers. However, this value is not absolute, because different use conditions will have different effects on its life.